During the Wind and Rain Language Anaylse Essays

During the Wind and Rain Language Anaylse Essays During the Wind and Rain Language Anaylse Paper During the Wind and Rain Language Anaylse Paper During Wind and Rain During Wind and Rain by Thomas Hardy, a sonnet dependent on Time and Death, investigating the thought that regardless of the way that life influences Joy and bliss, the years will get up to speed to us and remove these minutes. Strong utilizations a scope of scholarly gadgets to upgrade the feeling of the idea of death and time to the peruser. He utilizes Imagery In the type of illustrations to show that Time and Death cooperate to realize the most noticeably awful of a conclusion to ones life. Wiped out leaves, white tempest winged creatures, spoiled rose, and cut names are allegories that scheme accumulate to speak to death; the ailment of the leaves just happen toward the finish of Its time, fowls are known to escape within the sight of a coming tempest or catastrophic event, the decaying off bloom is the most minimal of a roses life, for it is lovely for a mind-blowing term, other then when It meets Death and starts to get distorted and break down. In his uti lization of non-literal language, Hardy additionally has a nonstop structure to coordinate his subject of Death and Time. The structure seems to remain customary, nonstop in its appearance of four verses, with seven lines in every refrain with an unvarying ABACA rhyme conspire, which doesn't supplement the to the topic. Tough uses ovals in every refrain, on each fifth line, giving a feeling that the second is left incomplete. This fits with the subject as its mirrors the nearness of Death, that it seems unnoticed and It doesn't make a difference how glad you become, you will consistently be detracted from it. It reinforces the point that Death keeps us from finishing all that we need throughout everyday life, finishing the sonnet with the trace of an unavoidable end. At long last, the sonnet invokes a feeling of brevity, engraving the picture that enthusiasm is transient. Strong gives the feeling that he is a passivist in this piece and his different pieces as he has ceaselessly the rehashing subject of Inevitable demise and hopelessness. It is ensnared that his cynical mentality causes him to accept that joy and happiness is just present for a second before time finds you and you are caught by Death. What I additionally saw was that Hardy never alludes to himself in this sonnet; despite the fact that he accepts that Time and Death with make up for lost time with everybody, he doesn't gives the feeling this would transpire, just as e can acknowledge everybody elses destiny, yet not his own. This is reflected In his utilization of the putting there as the primary expression of every refrain as opposed to *we. Fundamentally there Is a redundancy of a similar impact of tone all through the sonnet; of It being reliable till the finish of the piece, yet there is a move part of the way through every one of the four refrains. Toward the start of every verse there is an emanation of satisfaction and ceaseless elation transmit from his words, with the initial five lines being unspoiled. Notwithstanding, in the last two lines of every verse, there is a move in tone, making he scene increasingly depressing and conjuring up pictures of destruction, passing, catastrophe and unavoidable end to every refrain, and the sonnet itself. Impartial Tones Neutral Tones by Thomas Hardy, is a sonnet about the gathering of two past darlings, who come up short on the feeling of which they once felt towards one another. This nonappearance of affectability is reflected not just in the outward appearances of the obscure couple, yet additionally in the air encompassing them. Strong utilizations a scope of abstract gadgets to extend the genuine sentiments, which are emanating from the storyteller and his ex-sweetheart. He utilizes symbolism as lamentable paradox to improve the absence of feeling in the sonnet. In spite of the fact that the sonnet depends on the sentiments of which emanate from the sonnet, or lack of it, the first and last verse primarily comprise of underscoring the impact the environmental factors play in the scene. The picture of the lake [on a] winter day gives the picture of a solidified surface; this mirrors the feelings as like the as yet, unmoving, cold water, the emotions between the couple are additionally solidified and incapable to come back to how it used to be. Tough likewise delivers the picture of he sun being white, this stresses the absence of feeling, yet having portrayed it has being criticize of God gives the impact that like the sun, their relationship is additionally reviled. Leaves lay and starving turf are two instances of similar sounding word usage and symbolism that Hardy had used to highlight the topics; leaves lay gives an extremely hauled out sound when perused so anyone might hear, while starving grass gives an all the more staccato and constrained impact on the tongue. The utilization of sibilance improves the picture that like the ground, their relationship is likewise starving from feeling. The leaves likewise being dim, shows the absence of splendid hues in the environmental factors, similar to the absence of a sparkle in the couple. In the third verse, Hardy depicts the womans grin to be the deadest thing; the obtuseness of the word dead demonstrates the conclusion to the affection they once shared, and with it to be sufficiently alive to have the solidarity to bite the dust shows the furthest points that has come about in view of their relationship. He utilizes metaphors to state that the smile of harshness cleared along these lines was like the demonstration of like an unfavorable flying creature a-wing. , which gives the picture of a smooth movement that came effectively to the lady. With the winged animal being unfavorable underscores that for their relationship to proceed would be lead to a terrible future. With the last three lines of the last refrain mirroring the main verse shows the impact of the environment on the need sentiments and feelings between the couple. The structure seems to scheme with the topic, as it remains predictable all through the sonnet. The sonnet is framed with four verses, with the syllable plan being it takes after that of a work. It has four lines for each refrain with an ABA hymen conspire. This teams up with the sonnet as there s no adjustment in feeling all through the sonnet, the inclination remain unbiased and evident from start to finish. Nonetheless, the sonnet likewise gives off an impression of being unpredictable with the utilization enjambment being irregular in every refrain and the oval toward the finish of the third verse leaving the second incomplete. At long last, the sonnet gathers a feeling of lack of concern in the female character of the story the African clan of herringboning started in the BBC, nearby where the divine beings who are as yet alive since the start of man.

Buckle up Essay Example for Free

Lock in Essay Still oblivious, wreathed in wraps, pale and out in my own territory, I was unable to even scarcely envision the agony that inundated my friends and family as they by lay vigil every night, thinking about my sorry picture with just breathing cylinders to cling to. On the subsequent day, I recaptured awareness and started a dim memory of what occurred. The progressive knocks and crash. I could review seeing the driver smash straight into the vehicle in front, after a second I was flung directly into the driving seat nearly unsitting the driver who impassively pushed my head aside. The main other memory is seeing flares and being choked by exhaust of consuming petroleum. The mishap left me with grisly facial cuts, an upper broken jaw with six teeth less. In advanced United Arab Emirates, the causes such mishaps are as shifted as the quantity of mishaps. There are times when you cant truly accuse anyone. No one anticipates an abrupt thick mist during the heavy traffic, it was a serious tragic situation yet you dare not growl in the expressway since you could be the reason for another mishap. The mix of foolish presumptuous drivers with such climate conditions just spells fate to the cautious drivers who will back off and guarantee that there is adequate space between his vehicle and the following yet there is no realizing who may slam into your back. It is in this manner an unwritten guideline that one straightforward slip-up like easing back down even in zebra intersections may bring about auto collision. Notwithstanding all these unwritten principles, you can't unquestionably avoid being marked a nitwit on the off chance that you drive at 120km/h in a senseless thick mist. It is consistently the main vehicle in the accident that causes the mishap, regardless of whether he was driving past the police lawful stipend, a duplicate of the many paper on the driving wheel or espresso then again, the requirements to such auto collisions are seen each day on our interstates. It gets much all the more frightening when individuals drive while noting calls or when rich spoilt children zoom at risky speeds in pristine SUVs. I was dispatched from the emergency clinic following three serious long stretches of clinical consideration. By gradually recalling the past, attempting to move what may have caused the mishap and what may have, doing whatever it takes not to discover a method of reasoning why as a traveler I had considerably more genuine wounds than the driver who just got away with minor wounds the solution to my inept wounds hits me hard, Buckle up! : That was the contrast between the driver and me. Its considerably additionally harming that I needed to learn agonizing way. The safety belt utilization is the hero on the off chance that you are to be engaged with such mishaps. These are an a lot of street losses that emerge because of our refusal to lock in. By and by the crusade â€Å"Your security is in utilizing seat strap is helping individuals comprehend the significance of locking in. Moreover, as we talk now overwhelming fines are being required on those caught for not putting on their seat straps. This has come simply after the acknowledgment that auto collisions cause a bigger number of passings than murder and is just second to death brought about via cardiovascular sicknesses. The experience of mishaps is nerve racking, the endurance chance is in ensured, and as an ever increasing number of crazy person drivers are discharged onto our streets, the main guardian angel is the safety belt. I have never been reminded to lock in from that point forward, my scars are too gigantic to possibly be overlooked. Locking in has become a natural inclination to me. References New Initiative in IAHVs Road Peace Campaign: Buckle up Dubai www. dubaishopping celebration. com/news/IAHV11-09. htm Buckle up Drive Controls Violations of Seat Belt Rule. 2007http:www. uaeinteract. com/docs.

Keeping Loose

Keeping Loose Hey guys, So two nights ago, I just did something completely out of the blue, and it was wonderful and much needed. After studying for finals and writing papers for about eight hours straight, I was just about ready to lose my mind; my girlfriend and roommates werent holding up much better, and it was only getting later. Finally, at 1 a.m., when normal people go to bed or continue studying, we did the exact opposite we went to Walmart and bought Nerf guns! Image found at (http://nerf.wikia.com/wiki/File:Nerf_logo.png) Thats rightâ€"that childhood toy that so many of us fondly remember playing with. We, as 20- to 22-year-old college students strolled into the Champaign Walmart and bought four Nerf guns and an expansion pack of Nerf darts. We did not play around well technically, we did. For the next two hours, we had an all-out Nerf war in our apartment, with my girlfriend acting as the armed referee. It was totally crazy and out of the ordinary and exactly what we needed. There are so many kids that I see going into finals and spend their entire last two weeks of the semester working  so hard that they forget to be people and turn into nonstop studying machines. Now, dont get me wrong, everyone needs to study hard for finals and apply themselves as much as they can. However, at the same time, everyone also needs to remember to relax and calm down. Theres no point in studying your butt off for two weeks straight if youre so wound up, tired, and stressed that you cant function and perform as you should. I know Ive been saying this a lot during finals week, but take the time to relax every once and awhile. I hope this helps, guys, and I hope finals are going well for all of you. Until next time, Kenny Kenny Class of 2016 I’m in the Creative Writing program in the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences. I’m originally from Tampa, Florida, but I’ve been calling Illinois my home since 1998. I’ve lived all over the Northwest suburbs, from Palatine to Lakemoor to where I currently live back home, Mundelein.

Romeo as a Flawed Hero Essay - 849 Words

Romeo as a Flawed Hero The word hero has two meanings, firstly that a person would have to be a brave character and is someone who is courageous. Secondly a hero has to be a main person or character in a story, the Protagonist. Back in the days of when the play Romeo and Juliet was set, people would think that characters had a balance, like a set of scales. On one side passion and the other reason. A balanced person was meant to have had an equal amount of both. You can get an idea of how flawed Romeo may be by the way that his character is balanced. At the beginning of the play Romeo is absent this is due to him suffering from love sickness for Rosaline and he†¦show more content†¦But to his foe supposed he must complain, And she steal loves sweet bait from fearful hooks. They discover later on that they belong to rival families. Later that night Romeo is in Juliets garden and over hears Juliet talking on her balcony, Romeo declares his love for her and climbs up to the balcony, (an action that shows he is committed to the relationship and is reckless having no thought to his personal safety). The problem of the family differences seems unimportant beside their love and they agree to marry immediately, (this sudden action shows a sign of immaturity). Romeo visits his friend, Friar Lawrence, the very next morning at daybreak, who consents to marry the couple in secret hoping that this will end the family feud. Romeos conversation with the Friar in Act II, Scene 3 shows that Romeo has altered as a person, (he shows a new maturity in that he knows what he wants i.e. marriage and he also defies the feud which spells trouble and can be seen as a flaw). In Act II Tybalt has challenged Romeo to a duel following their meeting at the ball. Juliets nurse arrives to hear Romeos plans for the wedding. Juliet goes to confession, meets Romeo at the Friars cell and Romeo and Juliet marry later that day. (The fact that this wedding is aShow MoreRelatedRomeo And Juliet Tragic Hero1306 Words   |  6 PagesIn Shakespeare’s classic play, Romeo and Juliet, the prologue refers to the title characters as â€Å"star-cross’d lovers† with a â€Å"death-mark’d love†, showing that the two are doomed from the start (Shakespeare 3). Being from two opposing families that are in a never-ending feud, Romeo and Juliet s love is forbidden. However, throughout the novel, the lovers defy their parents and pursue their fast-forming love with the help of supporting characters, such as Friar Lawrence, who are seemingly presentedRead MoreThe Tragic Tragedy Of William Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1684 Words   |  7 PagesA â €Å"tragedy† refers to a piece of literature which constantly proceeds towards a sorrowful ending due to the conflicts among different characters. The death of a hero or heroine is often the tragic ending of a tragedy, as well as other deaths generally caused by the hero or heroine. Tragedy endings often include separation, loss, sadness, and death (McDonald 157). Shakespeare tends to emphasize the importance of each individual’s death in his tragedies. However, these deaths are caused by the peopleRead MoreRomeo and Juliet - an Aristotelian Tragedy of Youth and Love1923 Words   |  8 PagesAccording to Aristotle (335BC), an essential element in the ‘good or fine’ character of every great tragic hero is ‘hamartia’, the fatal flaw. The tragic hero’s fatal flaws inevitably lead to negative consequences in his life. The character of Romeo, the tragic hero[1] of William Shakespeare’s cautionary tragedy Romeo and Juliet, contains three key fatal flaws that condemn him and others to death. Through employing the dramatic techniques of meaningful dialogue, soliloquy, narrative structureRead MoreCompare Relationships Between Romeo and Juliet and Between Desdemona and Othello 1931 Words   |  8 Pagesmost noted plays Romeo and Juliet and Othello Shakespeare explores the essence of tragedy. How regardless of what measures they take my the nature of the play both relationships are doomed before they flourish, The extent in witch obsession clouds the minds of the luckless heroes and by what extent the women seem to be more in control of the men than the other way round. In the plays ‘Romeo and Juliet’ and ‘Othello’ by William Shakespeare, Shakespeare uses the concept of a tragic hero to create twoRead MoreRomeo And Juliet Tragedy Analysis1835 Words   |  8 Pagestragedy is a hero who has been flawed by something. One of Shakespeares greatest inspirations was reading greek tragedies, which mostly consisted of heros having their fates sealed by the Greek Gods, and no moral lesson was ever learned at the end of the stories. This led Shakespeare to write about Christian tragedies, which consisted of people having the ability to choose their own fate, and that there was a moral lesson to be learned in the end. An example of a Christian tragedy is Romeo and JulietRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain1058 Words   |  5 Pagesand yet in the book’s most poignant scene, the book’s moral center, he apologizes to Jim for the indignities he has inflicted. Admits Huck: â€Å"I done it and I warnâ₠¬â„¢t ever sorry for it afterwards.† Yet this is also a book without a clear, unambiguous hero. ¨ Now we witness the books racism of the character but we also realize that this character went through  ¨hell ¨ in order to set his friend free. This shows a well known fact said by Huck Finn,  ¨Alright, then, I’ll go to hell. ¨ One critic shows us theRead MoreTragic Drama According to AC Bradleys Theory of Shakespeare and a Comparison of Arthur Miller and August Wilsons Concept of Tragedy2899 Words   |  12 PagesAnother fascinating element of Shakespeares plays is his use of Chance or Accident. These events are the elements beyond the control of the major characters and also not caused by the surrounding elements. It was surely an accident which made Romeo unaware of fake potion as he never received Friars message. Similarly, an attack of Pirates ship on Hamlets just in a nick of time was another uncontrollable event that was beyond anyones control. Although none of these events were intentionalRead MoreThe Tragic Hero and the Tragic Story in William Shakespeares Writing2842 Words   |  12 PagesThe Tragic Hero and the Tragic Story in William Shakespeares Writing Shakespeares tragedies are, for the most part, stories of one person, the hero, or at most two, to include the heroine. Only the Love Tragedies (Romeo and Juliet; Antony and Cleopatra)are exceptions to this pattern. In these plays, the heroine is as much at the center of action as the hero. The rest of the tragedies, including Macbeth, have Read MoreThe Characters of Claudio and Benedick in Much Ado About Nothing2261 Words   |  10 Pagesmarriage are the two most prominent ideas in Shakespeares comedies. The two couples are Benedick and Beatrice, an unpredicted match as they appear to be quite the opposite and are forever arguing in their poetic banter. The other couple is Claudio and Hero, the two who seem madly in love yet Claudios untrusting and naive side takes power at one stage, in which the couples relationship seems destined to be doomed. The two characters of Benedick and Claudio are very different in both personality Read MoreMoby Dick By Herman Melville2021 Words   |  9 Pagesheroes in Greek drama have. As I expressed before in my paper I said that Captain Ahab was in contrast with the Greek tragic hero Prometheus, Therefore this means that Ahab, one of the key characters in the novel, can be seen as the hero stated by Chase â€Å"Finally, one may suppose that partly under the influence of Hawthorne he saw that Ahab might not be only a quasi-Shakespearean hero,doomed by an inordinate pride or tragic ignorance,but also the protagonist in a kind of Puritan inner drama,a drama of the

Socrates Vs Niccolo Machiavelli Essay - 1606 Words

Socrates and Niccolo Machiavelli are revered as some of the most influential thinkers of their respective times. Both of these thinkers developed their thoughts while Athens and Florence, their respective cities, faced political unrest. By questioning the people of Athens through their period of turmoil following a shift in government, Socrates was able to formulate opinions regarding how a government should operate and how people should rule. Centuries later during the Renaissance era, Machiavelli’s Italy was in a divided state with the Medici family holding rule over his native Florence. It was during this period when Machiavelli’s harsh views on how a prince should obtain power and use that power came to fruition. Apology and Crito†¦show more content†¦Socrates would view Machiavelli’s prince as unnecessarily strict and limiting to the knowledge that people crave to possess. Machiavelli’s leanings towards the state over the individual starkly c ontrast Socrates’ quest for individual knowledge through questioning. Throughout his trial in Athens and when facing execution, Socrates solidly stuck beside his belief that â€Å"life without this sort of examination is not worth living† (Apology, 38a). Socrates deeply believed in philosophy. He spent his whole life seeking wisdom through moral and political questions and even when addressing a jury with the possibility of execution looming over him he declared â€Å"I shall never stop practicing philosophy and exhorting you and indicating the truth for everyone† (Apology, 29d). The truth and the means of finding it were the most important thing to Socrates. Even though questioning was Socrates’ way to achieve power, he still believed in following the law. Practicing free speech and resisting political tyranny are not harmful as long as they fall within the constraints of the law. In explaining to Crito why escaping execution was not an option, Socrates questions Crito saying, â€Å"Do you imagine that a city can continue to exis t and not be turned upside down, if the legal judgements which are pronounced in it have no force but are nullified and destroyed† (Crito, 50b). In refusing to escape his death sentence Socrates proves hisShow MoreRelatedSocrates Vs. The Prince1842 Words   |  8 PagesSocrates vs. The Prince Niccolà ² Machiavelli, a Florentine philosopher and political aficionado from the 16th century and Socrates, a classical Athenian savant who lived during the 5th century B.C., are both judged as being forefathers to modern western political science and thought. The two great men both came from erratic epochs within their respective nations of Italy and Greece: wars, transitions of power, and domestic conflicts left their countries void of sustainable leadership and in desperate

A Nuclear Iran Free Essays

Can We Live with a Nuclear Iran? | â€Å"Iran’s Nuclear Ambitions†- Rudyard Griffiths| Rosalie Abdo, #6719633, POL1102D-Politics and Globalization, Dr. D Pierre-Antoine| Iran, a relatively large third world regime bordering multiple Middle Eastern countries, has for many years been accused of secretly building nuclear weapons. This is a country with extreme radical ideologies that publicly condemns the west and sends weekly threats of annihilation to Israel. We will write a custom essay sample on A Nuclear Iran or any similar topic only for you Order Now Countries around the world are slowly showing their anxiety of such a nation potentially possessing capabilities of immense means of destruction when their ideologies and past actions suggest such aggressive behaviours. Yet there is no proof to say that Iran does in fact own any nuclear weapons, and they have repeatedly expressed that their nuclear facilities are purely for peaceful and technological purposes. First in this paper I will summarize the argument against the possibility of a nuclear Iran. Second, I will do the opposite and summarize the reasoning for the possibility of a nuclear Iran. Finally, I will conclude with the argument that the world can exist with a nuclear Iran. A variety of arguments against Iran owning nuclear weaponry has been voiced. One of the leading arguments is the fear of nuclear hyper-proliferation. Iran is a relatively powerful nation whose footstep is felt and is very engaged in international affairs concerning its part of the globe. The fear of hyper-proliferation is that once Iran officially has proprietorship of nuclear war devices the surrounding countries and nations of the Middle East will commence an arms race. This would be terrible for a multitude of reasons, the first being that certain countries in the region have shown to be extremely unstable. With radical revolutions still fresh in the blood of its populace Egypt and Syria are perfect examples of countries that do not possess a stable form of government. Nuclear weapons in such states pose an extreme risk because of the lack of regulation; those arms of mass destruction could easily fall in the wrong hands. The second is living in a world filled with nukes is not ideal. The NPT Treaty, signed by all of the world’s nations except a select few, was created in order to prevent the proliferation of nuclear weapons and attempt at increasing the disarmament of the already existing ones. As this treaty was signed by relatively all countries it must logically follow that they believe in its ideals of slowing down potential nuclear warfare. Another argument is that Iran has shown over and over again its aggressive tendencies as well as its support of violent resolutions. Iran regularly threatens Israel with extinction. Iran has sent major weapons to terrorist organizations such as the Hezbollah in Lebanon and radical rebels in the Gaza Strip to use on Israel. Iran also sent weapons to the Syrian President Al Assad’s regime making it considerably harder for the Syrian population to overthrow their tyrannical oppressor of many decades. Lastly, a nuclear Iran could create a hegemonic Iranian power in the Middle East. With its extremely strategic oil deposit position, this would be very bad for the western world considering Iran’s extreme anti-western policies. There are numerous arguments as to why the world can live with a nuclear Iran. One of the leading arguments for it is deterrence. North Korea, a radical regime who threatens to set ablaze the capital of its neighboring country on a weekly basis, possesses quantities of nuclear armaments. Instead of instigating combat the major powers aimed to deter and contain it; so far this has been extremely successful. Even though this terrifying regime holds in their possession a multitude of nukes, Asia is able prosper and has lived in peace for many years. During the Cold War the USSR was considered an extremely radical regime, one that due to the arms race had ownership of massive amounts of nuclear weaponry. Again, instead of creating mass conflict, the US aimed to deter and contain it and was very successful. Another leading argument is that not only would a physical conflict with Iran be excessively costly in multiple aspects, but an attack from outsiders could spur a movement of nationalism and rally the populace of Iran together. Considering the size and capability of the country, the ample population, the probable lengthiness of the affair, and the territorial aspect such as the mountain ranges and distances from ports, this would not be a low-cost event. Many American politicians as well as President Obama himself have stated identical answers; it would be devastating to the American economy. This would not only be a disaster financially, but with the local terrain American deaths would more then be guaranteed. This would also undoubtedly infuriate the citizens into a movement maybe more radical than the ones they currently are in. Even if this event would come to be successful for the west, what would happen after? This would not encourage western values or affiliation and could injure the reputation of America in the Arab world. With Iran’s current budget for its nuclear program being 300 million dollars, which is nothing compared to its oil revenue, it will only take a few years for the country to reconstruct their nuclear facilities and recommence as before. Although both sides of this debate demonstrate considerable deliberation and thought one has come out victorious. The western world can live with a nuclear Iran. This is not to say that it is a decent notion for Iran to construct nuclear weapons. It is not decent for any country to create nuclear weapons as the horrendous destruction caused by these torturous weapons cannot properly be put on a crime scale. The damage inflicted not only obliterates any living organism in the vicinity of the blasts but remains and either slowly poisons to death anything and everything it comes across or mutates it for years to come whether living or not. Iran’s methods of dealing with international relations are abhorrent and should not be condoned. Yet as menacing as Iran appears to be on the global level the repercussions of acting on it and doing anything more than deterrence and containment toward this country is too much of a risk. One of the reasons why the west can live with a nuclear Iran is that although not on friendly terms, Iran has never directly threatened the west. They do have multiple anti-western policies yet they have never threatened their wellbeing. Iran has been very threatening and aggressive towards certain other nations such as Israel, yet Israel is a state that has been established for over sixty years and possesses over 200 nuclear weapons. This is not suggesting a termination of the alliance between the United States and Israel, but more of a slow and progressive estrangement in its aid. As previously mentioned before, a physical conflict with Iran could be devastating on the American economy. Some have argued that a pre-emptive war would not be a necessity for other countries to prevent a nuclear Iran and that by simply initiating tougher sanctions and doing everything that is short of war would be sufficient in thwarting Iran from building nuclear weaponry. There are many problems with this statement the first being that this action has already been done. The sanctions on building nuclear warheads are incredibly strong. The second problem with this is that to have a rule of law that is respected there needs to be an element of enforcement. There can be tougher sanctions put on the regulation of nuclear weapons, but if there is no one to enforce these rules then they are absolutely futile. If this train of thought is logically followed through it becomes apparent that enforcement is necessary in certain cases, war being the necessary implementation. Hence war is a necessity in some cases. This applies to Iran, and the west does not have a budget to follow it through. Another reason why the west could live with a nuclear Iran is that there currently is a country in the Middle East whose possession of nuclear weapons did not initiate an arms race, this country being Israel. Countries like Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, and Qatar all have substantial oil infused treasuries, budgets that could easily commence a nuclear agenda without a second thought. They are residing in the Middle East and did not feel the compulsion or the requirement to initiate an arms race; why would countries fill the need to do so with Iran? There is no evidence that any hyper-proliferation would ever occur. When North Korea declared it was growing a nuclear arsenal the surrounding nations did not attempt to create their own. This is also true with China, when it announced its ownership of nuclear weapons neighboring countries did not react in any sort of arms race. Israel is an extremely controversial country in the morals of the Middle Eastern population. It is more controversial then even Iran’s Shite regime. Many countries do not appreciate its existence, whether they publicly claim so or not. This is not to say that there are countries conspiring in its destruction, but to say that it would have been an easy justification to start constructing nuclear facilities due to the fact that the country is slowly but steadily engulfing all of Palestine. Lastly, the western world can live with a nuclear Iran because as previously stated deterrence has been successful. There are only a select few countries that have ownership of nuclear weaponry. Unfortunately, some of these countries are a part of dangerous regimes such as North Korea or unstable governments like Pakistan, yet due to proper deterrence and containment there not only has not been a nuclear war but there is no reason to believe there will be one in the future. Proper deterrence has also been successful in preventing other countries to attempt creating many more nuclear facilities and arsenals. This is what the west should be focusing on, not imaginary Iranian nuclear weapons that do not exist. If Iran declares its ownership of multiple nuclear weapons and its intention to use them, the western world has a right and an obligation to try to prevent this awful scenario for happening. Yet until this day comes, Iran has a right to build nuclear weapons. How to cite A Nuclear Iran, Essay examples A Nuclear Iran Free Essays Can We Live with a Nuclear Iran? | â€Å"Iran’s Nuclear Ambitions†- Rudyard Griffiths| Rosalie Abdo, #6719633, POL1102D-Politics and Globalization, Dr. D Pierre-Antoine| Iran, a relatively large third world regime bordering multiple Middle Eastern countries, has for many years been accused of secretly building nuclear weapons. This is a country with extreme radical ideologies that publicly condemns the west and sends weekly threats of annihilation to Israel. We will write a custom essay sample on A Nuclear Iran or any similar topic only for you Order Now Countries around the world are slowly showing their anxiety of such a nation potentially possessing capabilities of immense means of destruction when their ideologies and past actions suggest such aggressive behaviours. Yet there is no proof to say that Iran does in fact own any nuclear weapons, and they have repeatedly expressed that their nuclear facilities are purely for peaceful and technological purposes. First in this paper I will summarize the argument against the possibility of a nuclear Iran. Second, I will do the opposite and summarize the reasoning for the possibility of a nuclear Iran. Finally, I will conclude with the argument that the world can exist with a nuclear Iran. A variety of arguments against Iran owning nuclear weaponry has been voiced. One of the leading arguments is the fear of nuclear hyper-proliferation. Iran is a relatively powerful nation whose footstep is felt and is very engaged in international affairs concerning its part of the globe. The fear of hyper-proliferation is that once Iran officially has proprietorship of nuclear war devices the surrounding countries and nations of the Middle East will commence an arms race. This would be terrible for a multitude of reasons, the first being that certain countries in the region have shown to be extremely unstable. With radical revolutions still fresh in the blood of its populace Egypt and Syria are perfect examples of countries that do not possess a stable form of government. Nuclear weapons in such states pose an extreme risk because of the lack of regulation; those arms of mass destruction could easily fall in the wrong hands. The second is living in a world filled with nukes is not ideal. The NPT Treaty, signed by all of the world’s nations except a select few, was created in order to prevent the proliferation of nuclear weapons and attempt at increasing the disarmament of the already existing ones. As this treaty was signed by relatively all countries it must logically follow that they believe in its ideals of slowing down potential nuclear warfare. Another argument is that Iran has shown over and over again its aggressive tendencies as well as its support of violent resolutions. Iran regularly threatens Israel with extinction. Iran has sent major weapons to terrorist organizations such as the Hezbollah in Lebanon and radical rebels in the Gaza Strip to use on Israel. Iran also sent weapons to the Syrian President Al Assad’s regime making it considerably harder for the Syrian population to overthrow their tyrannical oppressor of many decades. Lastly, a nuclear Iran could create a hegemonic Iranian power in the Middle East. With its extremely strategic oil deposit position, this would be very bad for the western world considering Iran’s extreme anti-western policies. There are numerous arguments as to why the world can live with a nuclear Iran. One of the leading arguments for it is deterrence. North Korea, a radical regime who threatens to set ablaze the capital of its neighboring country on a weekly basis, possesses quantities of nuclear armaments. Instead of instigating combat the major powers aimed to deter and contain it; so far this has been extremely successful. Even though this terrifying regime holds in their possession a multitude of nukes, Asia is able prosper and has lived in peace for many years. During the Cold War the USSR was considered an extremely radical regime, one that due to the arms race had ownership of massive amounts of nuclear weaponry. Again, instead of creating mass conflict, the US aimed to deter and contain it and was very successful. Another leading argument is that not only would a physical conflict with Iran be excessively costly in multiple aspects, but an attack from outsiders could spur a movement of nationalism and rally the populace of Iran together. Considering the size and capability of the country, the ample population, the probable lengthiness of the affair, and the territorial aspect such as the mountain ranges and distances from ports, this would not be a low-cost event. Many American politicians as well as President Obama himself have stated identical answers; it would be devastating to the American economy. This would not only be a disaster financially, but with the local terrain American deaths would more then be guaranteed. This would also undoubtedly infuriate the citizens into a movement maybe more radical than the ones they currently are in. Even if this event would come to be successful for the west, what would happen after? This would not encourage western values or affiliation and could injure the reputation of America in the Arab world. With Iran’s current budget for its nuclear program being 300 million dollars, which is nothing compared to its oil revenue, it will only take a few years for the country to reconstruct their nuclear facilities and recommence as before. Although both sides of this debate demonstrate considerable deliberation and thought one has come out victorious. The western world can live with a nuclear Iran. This is not to say that it is a decent notion for Iran to construct nuclear weapons. It is not decent for any country to create nuclear weapons as the horrendous destruction caused by these torturous weapons cannot properly be put on a crime scale. The damage inflicted not only obliterates any living organism in the vicinity of the blasts but remains and either slowly poisons to death anything and everything it comes across or mutates it for years to come whether living or not. Iran’s methods of dealing with international relations are abhorrent and should not be condoned. Yet as menacing as Iran appears to be on the global level the repercussions of acting on it and doing anything more than deterrence and containment toward this country is too much of a risk. One of the reasons why the west can live with a nuclear Iran is that although not on friendly terms, Iran has never directly threatened the west. They do have multiple anti-western policies yet they have never threatened their wellbeing. Iran has been very threatening and aggressive towards certain other nations such as Israel, yet Israel is a state that has been established for over sixty years and possesses over 200 nuclear weapons. This is not suggesting a termination of the alliance between the United States and Israel, but more of a slow and progressive estrangement in its aid. As previously mentioned before, a physical conflict with Iran could be devastating on the American economy. Some have argued that a pre-emptive war would not be a necessity for other countries to prevent a nuclear Iran and that by simply initiating tougher sanctions and doing everything that is short of war would be sufficient in thwarting Iran from building nuclear weaponry. There are many problems with this statement the first being that this action has already been done. The sanctions on building nuclear warheads are incredibly strong. The second problem with this is that to have a rule of law that is respected there needs to be an element of enforcement. There can be tougher sanctions put on the regulation of nuclear weapons, but if there is no one to enforce these rules then they are absolutely futile. If this train of thought is logically followed through it becomes apparent that enforcement is necessary in certain cases, war being the necessary implementation. Hence war is a necessity in some cases. This applies to Iran, and the west does not have a budget to follow it through. Another reason why the west could live with a nuclear Iran is that there currently is a country in the Middle East whose possession of nuclear weapons did not initiate an arms race, this country being Israel. Countries like Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, and Qatar all have substantial oil infused treasuries, budgets that could easily commence a nuclear agenda without a second thought. They are residing in the Middle East and did not feel the compulsion or the requirement to initiate an arms race; why would countries fill the need to do so with Iran? There is no evidence that any hyper-proliferation would ever occur. When North Korea declared it was growing a nuclear arsenal the surrounding nations did not attempt to create their own. This is also true with China, when it announced its ownership of nuclear weapons neighboring countries did not react in any sort of arms race. Israel is an extremely controversial country in the morals of the Middle Eastern population. It is more controversial then even Iran’s Shite regime. Many countries do not appreciate its existence, whether they publicly claim so or not. This is not to say that there are countries conspiring in its destruction, but to say that it would have been an easy justification to start constructing nuclear facilities due to the fact that the country is slowly but steadily engulfing all of Palestine. Lastly, the western world can live with a nuclear Iran because as previously stated deterrence has been successful. There are only a select few countries that have ownership of nuclear weaponry. Unfortunately, some of these countries are a part of dangerous regimes such as North Korea or unstable governments like Pakistan, yet due to proper deterrence and containment there not only has not been a nuclear war but there is no reason to believe there will be one in the future. Proper deterrence has also been successful in preventing other countries to attempt creating many more nuclear facilities and arsenals. This is what the west should be focusing on, not imaginary Iranian nuclear weapons that do not exist. If Iran declares its ownership of multiple nuclear weapons and its intention to use them, the western world has a right and an obligation to try to prevent this awful scenario for happening. Yet until this day comes, Iran has a right to build nuclear weapons. How to cite A Nuclear Iran, Papers

Starbucks Keeps It Brewing in China Essay Sample free essay sample

How I love the odor of a fresh cup of Starbucks java to acquire the twenty-four hours started. As a java lover. I frequently venture to Starbucks to run into my caffeine demands. Starbucks began as a individual shopfront located in Seattle’s Pike Place Market. As of July 2012. the company has 17. 651 shops in 60 different states around the universe. with the mission to â€Å"inspire and foster the human spirit – one cup. one individual and one vicinity at a time† ( Starbucks. 2012 ) . Enhancing the value of the company are the extra trade names owned by Starbuck’s. They include Seattle’s Best Coffee. Tazo Tea. Evolution Fresh. La Boulange and Torrefazione Italia Coffee ( Starbucks. 2013 ) . In 2009 the concatenation opened its first shop in China. and presently operates more than 570 mercantile establishments in 48 Chinese metropoliss ( Starbucks. 2012 ) . CEO Howard Schultz. programs to implement the planetary scheme with aspiration to foster the g rowing and enlargement through relationships with China’s one million millions of citizens. We will write a custom essay sample on Starbucks Keeps It Brewing in China Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In March 2010. Schultz continued to advance planetary enlargement and pitched to the executive board the thought of encompassing the planetary market place and leveraging their trade name strength through new and existing undertakings. The inquiry remains. will Starbucks be able to boom in a tea driven China? Demographics of a altering Asiatic society and originative Starbucks schemes suggest that this is possible. Starbucks is a well-oiled concern engine that is endeavoring to do China its 2nd place market ( Starbucks. 2012 ) . The alterations that have to be made will be in their mark demographic and non-westernized attack to deriving consumers. Starbucks executives and selling squad are good cognizant of the cultural difference. values. and economic agencies that govern consumer’s determination devising. Starbucks is confident that they will 4. 000 shops by the terminal of 2013. including 1. 000 in Mainland China. 1. 000 in Japan. 500 in Korea and its first shop in Vietnam ( Starbucks. 2013 ) . Determine and discourse the barriers confronting Starbucks as they try to learn people to alter their ingestion wonts from tea and instant java. Develop a selling scheme for taking Starbucks into smaller Chinese me tropoliss and communities. What barriers would be faced? Could they be successful? Many of the barriers that Starbucks are confronting can be attributed to fiscal and cultural kineticss. The United Nations reported China as the largest tea ingestion and production company. Entire tea ingestion in China increased by 8. 2 per centum in 2009. and 1. 4 per centum in 2010 to make 1. 06 million dozenss ( English. 2012 ) . With Starbucks being a major java retail merchant. this could be really disputing when incorporating concern in the Asiatic parts. Coffee is non every bit valued as it is in North America. South America. and other states. In the Asiatic civilization. tea is believed to hold medicative utilizations. and is a portion of the societal civilization. carried from coevals to coevals in its tradition. Trying to acquire people to waive a generational tradition when household tradition is really much upheld. and household is respected will be the challenge. Those that do devour java in China frequently opt for the more cheap types of blink of an eye javas. The possible 1. 3 billion-population base that Starbucks hopes to derive purchase with is mostly rural and inhabited by low-income households ( Best/Hawkins/Mothersbaugh. 2010 ) . The rural and low-income households can be found in the smaller Chinese metropoliss and communities. This excessively adds to the troubles that Starbucks faces when tapping into the Chinese market. Making the teas and java merchandises available at local markets would be a great manner to market the trade name. wholesaling at a discounted monetary value to the local husbandmans. leting them to do a net income that they usually wouldn’t be able to do at normal distribution monetary values. Starbucks’ trade name is associated with wealth and a western civilisation. Finding a manner to maximise the cost relationship with the quality of java would be optimum for Starbucks and the transitioning consumers to less tea ingestion and more java consumption. Make recommendations about what Starbucks can make to successfully promote greater java ingestion. Starbucks may non be able to successfully alter as many consumers over to imbibing java as they may wish. Starbucks may really be in the procedure of change overing their concern to run into the demands of tea in China. Starbucks is besides the proprietors of the Tazo trade name that markets a assortment of tea picks. Starbucks is be aftering to trade name a Tazo shop. miming that of the Starbucks ironss that can be found on every corner in New York City. The signature characteristic of the 1. 700-square-foot shop will be its â€Å"blending Stationss. † a show window for 80 assortments of loose teas. where employees will steer clients through making their ain personalized blends. The loose teas will be sold by the ounce at monetary values comparable to specialty food market shops. â€Å"In the Tazo cafe . clients ‘can decelerate down and larn about tea †¦ and can plunge themselves in a sensory-rich experience. ’ Shafer said. ‘We’re making a tea resort area for clients that are looking for that experience. ’† ( Thau. 2012 ) The cafe’s are said to specialise in handcrafted teas. bagged teas. and iced teas at a tea saloon. There will besides be a choice of pastries and dainties. all good appreciated in the Asiatic civilization ( Best/Hawkins/Mothersbaugh. 2010 ) . If Starbucks plans to do China the 2nd largest sector of its Starbucks trade name. it may non be the java that leads this. but instead the tea. Develop an advertisement run that non merely would promote greater java ingestion in general. but besides more demand for Starbucks. Specify cardinal subjects. transcript points. and visuals. A study found that in trade name pick. the Chinese civilization examines wellness factors. client dealingss. self-image. quality and monetary value ( Best/Hawkins/Mothersbaugh. 2010 ) . Starbucks and their trade names have all of those qualities except the monetary value factor. which can be compromised. A run that reflects those qualities would be a dynamic manner to bind a westernized concern with the Asiatic civilization. Starbucks is presently working with their spouses. the fond term for their employees. their parents and households in forums themed â€Å"Growing Together† . Since this subject is already in being. Starbucks could profit from spread outing on that subject. Logos that undertaking this. commercials that project this. sponsorships in the schools and communities that project this. every bit good as famous person indorsements with their households that undertaking this. The thought of household is such a major portion of the Chinese civilization. The digital market will be good in this run every bit good. With the planetary selling power of Facebook. Twitter. and Instagram. the ocular creativity that can be achieved can make the multitudes. Since java is non valued amongst other things. Starbucks needs to market closer to the bosom of the Asiatic civilization. John Culver. president. Starbucks China and Asia-Pacific. said his part – the company’s fastest turning retail shop market – will near 4. 000 shops by the terminal of 2013. including 1. 000 in Mainland China. 1. 000 in Japan. 500 in Korea and its first shop in Vietnam. Culver highlighted China as Starbucks most successful new market entry to day of the month. and announced that China is expected to go Starbucks largest market outside of the U. S. in 2014 and is on program to hold 1. 500 shops in 70 metropoliss in 2015. At the conference. Culver noted the positive consequen ces achieved so far this one-fourth. Discuss the demographic. cultural. and media factors that make India more attractive for Starbucks than it was 10 old ages ago.In October. 2012. Starbuck’s opened it’s first three shops in Mumbai. India and reaffirmed programs to open the company’s foremost shop in Delhi in early 2013. ( Starbucks. 2013 ) . CEO Schultz understood that a partnership was needed in the complex Indian market. In the old old ages. most Indians would get down their forenoons with a cup of chai tea. but the demand for java is turning. studies CNN. Starbucks’ partnership with Indian drink pudding stones Tata Global Beverages would be a partnership of common evidences. Those evidences being strong community dealingss and societal duty ( Boykoff. 2012 ) . With societal media taking the universe by storm. Starbucks is utilizing this as a selling advantage to foreground the ‘Starbucks experience’ . That experience stressing community and a welcoming public infinite. Starbucks’ ability to sell the experience. non merely the java. is what delivers the competitory border in the Indian market. Resources Best. Hawkins. and Mothersbaugh. Consumer Behavior: Building Selling Strategy. 2010. United States: McGraw-Hil Starbucks Newsroom: Starbucks Strengthens Commitment to Bing the Employer of Choice in China. ( n. d. ) . Starbucks Newsroom: Home. Retrieved January 15. 2012. from hypertext transfer protocol: //news. starbucks. com/article_display. cfm? article_id=648 Boykoff. P. ( 2012. October ) . Starbucks opens first shop in India – Oct. 19. 2012. CNNMoney – Business. fiscal and personal finance intelligence. Retrieved January 16. 2013. from hypertext transfer protocol: //money. cnn. com/2012/10/19/news/starbucks-india/index. hypertext markup language Starbucks ( 2012. November 26 ) . Starbucks Newsroom: Starbucks Strengthens China Commitment with Opening of 100th Shop in Beijing ; Elevating Coffee and Partner Experience. Starbucks Newsroom: Home. Retrieved January 15. 2013. from hypertext transfer protocol: //news. starbucks. com/article_display. cfm? article_id=731 Thau. B. ( 2012. June 22 ) . Move Over. Coffee: With Tazo Store. Starbucks Aims to Reinvent Tea – DailyFinance. Salvaging. Spending. Investing. Planing. Everything you need for a life-time of fiscal determinations. — DailyFinance. Retrieved January 15. 2013. from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. dailyfinance. com/2012/06/22/move-over-coffee-with-tazo -store-starbucks-aims-to-reinvent-t/

British Airways- Case Study Essay Essay Example

British Airways British Airways- Case Study Essay Paper British Airways- Case Study Essay Paper The scenario upon which this paper is based relates to the British Airways Swipe Card Debacle instance survey from the text edition. Managing Organizational Change: A Multiple Perspective Approach ( Akin. Dunford. A ; Palmer. 2009 ) . The intent of this paper is to analyse and discourse the organisational alteration associated to the execution of a new swipe card system that led to strike of over 250 British Airways check-in staff. losing 40 million lbs and negatively set uping the company’s repute. Additionally. this paper will associate the instance survey to several alteration attacks ( organisational development. sense-making. alteration direction. eventuality. and processual ) and place cardinal issues. Additionally. this paper will analyze the instance survey from my position. as if I were a hired alteration adviser for British Airways responsible for supplying advise and recommendations on how to avoid this type of state of affairs. Additionally. as a alteration advise r. I provide my recommendation as to what possible alteration attack or combinations of a alteration attack would hold been best to utilize for the swipe card alteration enterprise. Change Perspective and Key Issues Prior to traveling into being able to efficaciously supply advise and recommendations on this instance survey. it is first of import to discourse facets of different alteration attacks. Additionally. associate cardinal issues of the swipe card fiasco to these alteration attacks. With that. this subdivision paper will concentrate on identify specific facets of the undermentioned alteration attacks and how these facets relate to the instance survey: organisational development. sense-making. alteration direction. eventuality. and processual. Organizational Development Approach The organisational development alteration attack is a good thought through and exhaustively planned alteration attack that focuses on staff development. Additionally. one of the cardinal facets to the organisational development attack is the importance placed on the demand to organize groups and squads. which work together to organize the cardinal focal point for alteration ( Akin. Dunford. A ; Palmer. 2009 ) . Unfortunately. this really of import feature of organisational development attack was genuinely non used as portion of the alteration attack for the swipe card execution. For case. if groups and squads were created to organize the cardinal focal point for the alteration. none of the 250 check-in staff were invited to take part. Sense-making Approach The sense-making attack is really similar to Kurt Lewin’s organisational alteration theoretical account. At a high-level. this theoretical account has three primary phases known as Unfreeze ( placing where the company is at. in relation to environmental alteration and organisational construction ) . Change ( period of clip where the alteration is being made ) . and Refreeze ( alteration is complete and the organisation has embedded the alteration within its civilization ) ( Levasseur. 2001 ) . However. there is one rebuff difference with the sense-making attack. in that the 2nd phase is more the about rebalance where the organisation balances the external environment with its internal environment. An illustration of a cardinal issue associated to this from the instance survey is the fact that it appears those responsible for the Future Size and Shape recovery plan. did non take the first phase into consideration. More specifically. the group did non factor in how the company w as still retrieving from environmental alterations such as. 9/11. Iraqi war. and SARS. Additionally. did non see if this was the right clip for this type of alteration. Change Management ApproachThere are several different alteration direction attacks but the one focused on within this paper is the alteration direction attack Ten Commandments attack. developed by Rosabeth Moss Kanter. Barry A. Stein. and Todd D. Jick. In the book. The Challenges of Organizational Change. Kanter. Stein. and Jick elaborate on what they believe to be the necessary stairss to efficaciously implement alteration within an organisation. One of these stairss. which is something that was non executed in the swipe card fiasco. is the measure to make a shared vision. While the Future Size and Shape project squad may hold had a shared vision of the swipe card alteration. this same vision was decidedly non shared by the 250 check-in staff. Contingency Approach Similar to the alteration direction attack. the eventuality attack has many different fluctuations. For case. one of these attacks is categorized into the undermentioned four ideal types: commanding ( alteration intercession. directed by leading and is typically driven by the demand to implement rapidly and suddenly ) . technology ( change agent. who besides acts as an analyst implements the alteration along with those who planing the alteration to procedure and systems ) . learning ( 3rd party advisers work with internal staff to help with identify new ways of operation and is change intercession that is a long-run program ) . and socialising ( democratic attack that is a gradual alteration procedure attack ) ( Huy. 2001 ) . Each of these attacks are acceptable but may non all work in every type of state of affairs. For case. within the British Airways instance survey. it seems as though the undertaking squad chose to use the dominating attack for the execution of the swipe cards. T he check-in staff were wholly immune to non merely the swipe card alteration but were besides immune to the existent attack taken to implement that alteration. Processual Approach Similar to the sense-making attack. the processual attack besides looks at the relationship of external and internal environments. However. with the processual attack. it focuses on the restraints and chances of both environments. Within the instance survey. the undertaking squad did non take into consideration how the external environment impacts the internal environment and how the internal environment besides effects the staff. For case. the staff being on border and untrusting of alteration was a consequence state of affairss and alterations both internally ( one Forth decrease in staff ) and externally ( environmental jars like inroads on its markets from budget rivals ) . The combination of these state of affairss. led to the staff being fearful and overreacting to the possibility that the new swipe card procedure could take to another decrease in staff. Change Consultant As a alteration adviser for British Airways. I would supply the undermentioned list of lessons learned from the swipe card fiasco: deficiency in including those straight affected by alteration can take to staff being uncomfortable and unsure about a alteration ; deficiency of taking internal and external environments into consideration is non to the full understanding the cumulative consequence that these have on the staff ; taking a dominating attack to implement alteration can take to staff differing with the manner a alteration is being managed ; and deficiency of communicating and deriving buy-in on alteration can take staff to believe that the alteration could hold negative downstream impact. In order to forestall this in the hereafter. I would rede them to take a different attack by holding staff be more involved with undertakings and include them as portion of the undertaking squads. Additionally. leting the staff clip to absorb the fact that there will be alterations in the hereafter and giving them a platform to be able to inquire inquiries. In add-on to supplying the staff a platform. leading besides needs to promote the staff to inquire inquiries and guarantee them that there will non be any recoil for those who do hold inquiries about the alteration. Last. as a alteration adviser. I would emphasis the importance sing the organisation from a birds-eye position ( intending that leading the context of the state of affairs from an internal and external position ) . If they would hold stepped back and looked all the external and internal factors prior to implementing the swipe card alteration. they may hold seen that implementing alteration over a holiday weekend might non be the best clip. they might hold identify staff moral being low due to internal decrease in force. and the fact that the company was fighting to retrieve from other external environmental jars. While there are many alteration attacks that may be suited for this type of alteration enterprise. it is my sentiment that the best attack for this alteration would hold been to utilize the Ten Commandments alter direction procedure. The ground for this is that it would hold resolved and perchance prevented the reaction that staff had towards the execution of swipe card because this alteration attack includes making a shared vision. affecting staff. holding the support of leading and political sponsorship. and developing an execution program ( Barry. Kanter. A ; Jick. 1992 ) . Decision Based on the information provided in the instance survey about the swipe card fiasco at British Airways and comparing cardinal issues to assorted alteration attacks. it can be seen that there are many countries where direction taken a different attack to the alteration. If a different attack was taken. it could hold easy lead to a successful swipe card execution versus the result that lead to the 250-check in staff. losing 40 million lbs and negatively set uping the company’s repute. MentionsAkin. G. . Dunford. R. . A ; Palmer. I. ( 2009 ) . Pull offing organisational alteration: a multiple position attack ( 2nd. Ed ) . New York. New york: McGraw-Hill Huy. Q. N. 2001. Time. temporal capableness. and planned alteration. Academy of Management Review 26 ( 4 ) :601–23 Kanter. R. M. . Stein. B. A. . A ; Jick. T. D. ( 1992 ) . The challenge of organisational alteration. New York. New york: Free Press. Levasseur. R. E. ( 2001 ) . People Skills: Change Management Tools–Lewin’s Change Model. Interfaces. 31 ( 4 ) . 71.

Quotations by King Alfred the Great

Quotations by King Alfred the Great Alfred was extraordinary for an early medieval king in several respects. He was a particularly wily military commander, successfully keeping the Danes at bay, and he wisely shored up defenses when the enemies of his kingdom were occupied elsewhere. At a time when England was little more than a collection of warring kingdoms, he established diplomatic relations with his neighbors, including the Welsh, and unified a substantial portion of the heptarchy. He displayed remarkable administrative flair, reorganizing his army, issuing important laws, protecting the weak, and promoting learning. But most unusual of all, he was a gifted scholar. Alfred the Great translated several works from Latin into his own language, Anglo-Saxon, known to us as Old English, and wrote some works of his own. In his translations, he sometimes inserted comments that offer insight not only into the books but into his own mind. Here are some notable quotations from the notable English king, Alfred the Great. I desired to live worthily as long as I lived and to leave after my life, to the men who should come after me, the memory of me in good works. From  Consolation of Philosophy by Boethius Remember what punishments befell us in this world when we ourselves did not cherish learning nor transmit it to other men. From  Pastoral Care by Pope Gregory the Great Therefore he seems to me a very foolish man, and very wretched, who will not increase his understanding while he is in the world, and ever wish and long to reach that endless life where all shall be made clear. From Blooms (aka Anthology) Very often it has come to my mind what men of learning there were formerly throughout England, both in religious and secular orders; and how there were happy times then throughout England; and how the kings, who had authority over this people, obeyed God and his messengers; and how they not only maintained their peace, morality, and authority at home but also extended their territory outside; and how they succeeded both in warfare and in wisdom; and also how eager were the religious orders both in teaching and in learning as well as in all the holy services which it was their duty to perform for God; and how people from abroad sought wisdom and instruction in this country; and how nowadays, if we wished to acquire these things, we would have to seek them outside. From the preface to Pastoral Care When I recalled how knowledge of Latin had previously decayed throughout England, and yet many could still read things written in English, I then began, amidst the various and multifarious afflictions of this kingdom, to translate into English the book which in Latin is called Pastoralis, in English Shepherd-book, sometimes word for word, sometimes sense for sense. From the preface to Pastoral Care For in prosperity a man is often puffed up with pride, whereas tribulations chasten and humble him through suffering and sorrow. In the midst of prosperity the mind is elated, and in prosperity a man forgets himself; in hardship, he is forced to reflect on himself, even though he be unwilling. In prosperity a man often destroys the good he has done; amidst difficulties, he often repairs what he long since did in the way of wickedness. ― Attributed. In recent years, the veracity of Alfreds authorship has been called into question. Did he really translate anything from Latin to Old English? Did he write anything of his own? Check out the arguments in Jonathan Jarretts blog post, Deintellectualising King Alfred.

The application of Task-based Approach in English Reading Teaching Essay

The application of Task-based Approach in English Reading Teaching - Essay Example The processes of material design, task demonstration and evaluation are covered in this essay, while relevant teaching theories or principles are subsequently treated. The process of foreign language acquisition in China is, to some extent, still based on the traditional educational system that emphasizes on the reading and writing of a foreign language like English with the hope of translating it. The students are primarily taught to learn English through reading various texts that could broaden their knowledge of the language (Adamson, 2004; Burkett, 2009; Dzau, 1990). As a result of this, teachers are saddled with the responsibility of making English seem understandable to their students. The current demand for English in China has also increased the pressure on primary school teachers to do more in the area of improving the reading skill of their students. The fundamental objective of adopting Task-Based Approach in the reading teaching at elementary level in China is to detect the reading competence of each student under the full watch of his or her Homeroom Teacher, who would provide the needed assistance to help the students become near-confident readers, if not totally-confident readers (Grellet, 1992). The students are given simple stories to read depending on their grades—the little harder reading comprehension goes to the farther end of the spectrum. The purpose of this is to improve their reading fluency, not necessarily to make them memorize their textbooks’ contents (Hiskes, 2007). Task-Based Approach lets the teachers perceive the students’ reaction to words they may have been taught before. For examples, showing the ability to identify and pronounce simple words about weather, food, fruits and colours as they appear on the textbooks used for this task. Most teachers believe that exposing children to th e words they had heard before may increase their ability to identify related words on

Global Logistics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Global Logistics - Assignment Example Now the main reason behind this feasibility study is that an optimum route and port has to be selected for the transport and shipment of goods from factory and port to the warehouse at Jabel Ali. Also the transportation cost has to be kept in mind so that it doesn’t put load on the cost of the product. The transportation vehicles, their cost and size has to be aligned with the size of the lot produced and the cost incurred in transporting goods to the port in the longer run. This measure will be calculated by comparing lot size, minimum expenditure and time that will be incurred in transportation of material as time is the most critical factor in many cases. Also there are various type of options available during logistics and shipments of goods and various costs incurred with these. The main reason for mentioning this is that the new Factories have been established in territories which are new for the company and the company is not familiar with working of transportation, shi pment and labor costs of these regions. For this survey of these regions has to be done so that a tentative cost structure could be drafted. On formulation of this cost structure further measures will be taken to select an optimum line up or partners so the process of collection of goods from the manufacturing site to its transportation to port through logistic partners and then shipment to the distribution through freight forwarding partners is cost effective and has optimum time line. PROCEDURES (selection of Partners) : Next a suitable selection of trustful Freight forwarders will be done who shall transport the goods from India and Brazil. Now the selection shall involve various steps which shall be quite critical in finding the most suitable freight forwarder. First phase shall include pooling of such forwarders who have a reputable name in the industry and are capable enough to ship the given amount of container each week so that no delay is faced and no risk of inventory stoc k out is faced at the warehouse in Jabel Ali. Now this phase shall give us an opportunity to gather contact with forwarders which shall be useful in future and we’ll have a thorough idea of the market rates. In the next phase the forwarders will be requested to submit their bids for contract. These bids will be thoroughly checked and the one best suited to company’s policy shall be short listed. The criteria for short listing will not be only limited to the best rates given to us but actually the freight forwarding companies who have more inclination to make us their clients rather than just try to get this order. Third phase shall require short listing of the companies and terms will be dealt with them to form long term strategic alliance which shall be mutually beneficial for our company and the forwarding partner. Final phase will be to decide the most trustworthy and beneficial company to partner with. After final agreements and terms are settled the chosen forward er is given contract of forwarding the containers and in return the company promises us the best service. SELECTION OF PORT The selection of port shall be quite critical as it’ll decide the time required to ship container from source to destination i.e. from India and Sao Paolo to Jabel Ali. The main reason behind this step being the most critical is that even if every process i.e. production, logistics etc are following proper schedule but the port selected is a little far away than it’

Essence Of Decision A Review Politics Essay

Essence Of Decision A Review Politics Essay Graham Allisons Essence of Decision offered alternative conceptual models on foreign policy decision making and a specific discussion on the Cuban missile crisis; and has been one of the influential book in history of foreign policy analysis. It gives a significant contribution to political science study, as it has been heavily cited in most international relations textbook and also discussed by foreign policy analysts. However, despite the models strong influence in foreign policy study, it has been heavily criticised by foreign policy analysts about its utility and value in decision making analysis. In Essence of Decision, Allison proposes three different lenses that offers a multi-level analysis rather than a regular solely system-level to analyse foreign policy decision making. His first model, Unitary Government Model or Rational Actor Model (RAM) explain government as a black box, thus the internal actors have the same goals and opinion on how to achieve the goal. On the other hand, model II and model III will open the black box and discuss at two different things inside the box and later known as bureaucratic politics model. Model II or Organizational Process Model looks at the key organizational or agencies with their own function, mission and structure. Lastly, Model III or Governmental Politics Model will focus on key individual decision makers and the political bargaining process among them. Nonetheless, Allisons conceptual framework has been not only highly praised by foreign policy analysts, but also has been much criticised since its first edition. Number of criticism has risen regarding Allisons conceptual framework, ranging from its originality until the problem of evidences that have been used by Allison in explaining the Cuban Missile Crises. Conford and Horelick, for example, argue that Allisons model is not wholly original work, rather than it is developed from previous study. Moreover, another group of criticism have questioned the account of the Cuban Missile Crises that explained by Allison. Despite these two criticisms, there are number of criticism that will be discussed in the following section. By looking at number of criticism about Allisons model, there is a big question about the usefulness of the model in foreign policy decision making process analysis. This essay aims to evaluate the utility of Allisons conceptual policy in foreign policy decision making. This essay will also critically discuss each of the three models by looking from some perspectives. Moreover, taking into account that this essay relies on Allisons Essence of Decision, this essay will also look at the decision making process regarding the Cuban Missile Crisis. Allisons Conceptual Framework Model I: The Rational Actor (RAM) Model I is the basic yet critical conceptual framework that mostly utilized in foreign policy decision making analysis. RAM is the best model in explaining and predicting of an individual behaviour, as well as purpose generalization in states action. The model reduces the organizational and governmental political complications by looking at government as unified actor.  [1]  Thus, a complete-informed government -regarded as black box- will process information to optimize rational action. The internal structure within decision making process will calculate the potential pro and con and later rank all the options by their chance to succeed.  [2]   Its feature of being easy to utilize, RAM could be useful when a state has limited or even no available information about the enemy. Therefore, since it does not require information to analyse a case, RAM would be very suits in a crisis situation. It would safe more time since a state does not necessary do a complex evaluation about their enemy. Lastly, RAM that stresses interaction among states, will immediately produce prudent decision after considering the pro and con. Its simplicity in analysing a case makes RAM one of the popular methods in foreign policy decision making process. On the other side, some foreign policy analysts argue that in the real foreign policy formation, number of external and individual interest factor will eventually give a big impact. Moreover, RAM tends to ignore a large state with complex bureaucratic nature that has various kinds of departments with their own different political and ideological perspectives.  [3]  Therefore, along with the argument that intra-national factors are very importantà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦yet critical when one is concerned with planning policy, Allison has proposed so-called, Bureaucratic Politics Model.  [4]   Model II: Organizational Process Difficulties will arise when the case that are going to be examined is not the behaviour of an individual or a state with simple bureaucracy model, but the behaviour of one organization or government with complex structure inside. Therefore, Allison provides two alternative conceptual frameworks that will open up the black box to evaluate internal structure inside the government, which is later known as Model II and Model III. Model II or Organizational Process Model focuses on the existing organization and their standard operating procedures (SOP) for gaining information, defining possible option and implementing programme.  [5]  Each organization has an agreement for both its mission and function. Afterward, series of program are developed to carry out those missions. In defining feasible option, Model II argues that it is restricted based on SOP that will enhance performance and efficiency. Moreover, Model II is not optimizing rational actor, as model I does, but rather, it is satisfying decision making actors. Its account that foreign policy outcomes are derive from bureaucratic programs, routines and SOP, makes number of advantage from this model. It emphasizes the important domestic political influences on process of foreign policy decision making that sometimes missed out from RAM. Therefore, model II reminds the analysts that the policy was formed not only by a high level decision-maker, but sometimes it is formed by organization.  [6]   Nevertheless, a set of criticism has arisen in the utility of model II. Its emphasis on organisational culture may ill-serve higher level officials and finally can lead to impair the analysts understanding of organizations and their behaviour.  [7]  Even though this kind of problem does not occur for most of the time, but we can take it as a consideration of the effectiveness of the model. Model III: Governmental Politics Governmental politics model or government bargaining model focuses on key individual decision makers with their great influence in deciding on organizational actor. Moreover, the model assumes that decision makers have different perceptions, priorities, commitments and also organizational positions (where you stand depends on where you sit). Therefore, model III assumes that governmental actions are the result of a political bargaining process among key players. Furthermore, bargaining and negotiation processes will result in satisfying rather than optimizing decision making result. It obviously explained because personal ambition of key actor may diverge from public policy position and may lead to personal power considerations when making decision. Between Allisons three conceptual frameworks, model III adds important detail about domestic politics that obviously, cannot be found in model I. In addition, model III not only explains the roles of key individuals, but it also explains why individuals are working at contrary purposes to the interest of the government as a whole. Lastly, model III gives us explanation why policy sometimes appears to be irrational if we look it from a unitary government perspective. Nevertheless, model III also received many critics, especially on the complexity of the model. It is focus on individual key actor that makes it difficult to study and analyse. Moreover, it requires too many variables, some variable are unknown and it is hard to apply for other countries with unclear bureaucratic politics inside. Criticism toward Allisons conceptual framework Allisons conceptual framework has been attacked by number of criticism, varying from the originality of the model, different interpretation of the Cuban Missile Crisis and the US political system, and also methodological criticism. As Stephen D. Krasner has argued that Allisons model à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦is misleading, dangerous, and compelling.  [8]  Therefore, in this section, number of criticism of Allisons model will be critically discussed and assessed. Some foreign policy analysts, such as, Cornford, Horelick, Ball and Art claimed that Allison did not present a pure brand new approach to analysing foreign policy process; but rather it just development from previous theories. Conford has claimed that organisational process mode is previously done by writers such as, Simon, March and Simon, Cyert and March.  [9]  Furthermore, Conford has claimed that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Model IIIà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦is pure Neustadt.  [10]  Horelick et al.  [11]  supported Confords argument by suggesting that the bureaucratic model is closely related to previous work done by Kremlinologists.  [12]  Ball and Art  [13]  also mentioned names of analyst that originally make the bureaucratic policy model, such as Huntington, Hilsman, Schilling, and Neustadt.  [14]   Nevertheless, Allison has dedicated a section in his book to acknowledge previous scholars that become his foundation in developing his methods. He is fully aware that he utilizes and developed earlier scholars work as he mentioned in his book, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦this encourages much repackaging of existing theoriesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ã‚  [15]  Therefore, he identifies a group of writers such as March and Simon, Barnard, Cyert and Simon and so on for foundation of model II.  [16]  Furthermore, Allison also acknowledged his intellectual debt to previous scholars that related to model III paradigm,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦model III variety have attracted increasing attention since 1960à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ the publication of Presidential Power by Richard E. Neustadt.  [17]  Hence, we could argue that Allisons originality does not lie in his model, but rather in his approach to apply his models consistently to one particular case study, the Cuban Missile Crisis.  [18]   Another criticism can be seen from methodological perspective; numbers of similarities between model II and model III have shaped ambiguity between those two models. In many occasions, some foreign analysts will combine model II and model III to analyse a case study, including Allison himself. In his article with Halperin, Allison combines those two models and become one major model the bureaucratic politics paradigm- as an alternative model to RAM.  [19]  As Conford argues that the three models is not totally incommensurable model to analyse foreign policy making process.  [20]  Therefore, even though Allison distinguishes three kinds of model in foreign policy analysis, those models is not easily separable in their actual application. In bureaucratic politics model, decision is not arise from one unitary actor, but through some bargaining between organisation structures with their own agenda. Model II and model III have identical characteristics that enable them to be grouped as bureaucratic politics model. The two models are similar in a sense that both models focus on departments and organizations inside the decision maker; however, it is slightly different, in a sense that, if model II will reach a decision through Standard Operation Program, model III will make a decision through bargaining between various players within government. Despite the insignificant difference between those models, they are usually combined as the bureaucratic politics model.  [21]   However, Caldwell has raised bureaucratic politics models major problem regarding the use of evidence and data. The model requires detailed data that hardly available in term of quantity and quality. In addition, Caldwell argued that there is huge possibility for analyst to imposing the model on the evidence rather than testing the model against it. Therefore, bureaucratic politics model has significant problem in analysing the data and evidence, since previous empirical problems show that data was made to fit the model.  [22]   Allisons alternative model has also been argued that it eliminated decision-makers responsibility toward the policy. The strong criticism has risen from Steel and Krasner, which argued that no one, even the President, holds responsibility of the policy as the outcome from bargaining process among bureaucratic groups. As Steel argued that, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦where everyone is responsible for a decision, no one is responsible.  [23]  The same argument also comes from Krusnet who argued that bureaucratic politic eliminates the importance of election: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Elections are a farce not because the people suffer from false consciousness, but because public officials are impotent, enmeshed in a bureaucracy so large that the actions of government are not responsive to their will.  [24]  In contrast, Smith argues that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦this criticism is only valid to the extent to which the President is unable to get his wishes carried out.  [25]  Therefore, the criticism from Ste el and Kranser is not applicable for all cases and need to be modified. Furthermore, following previous criticism, there is criticism about Allisons model utility to other countries. Even though Allison clearly points out his intention to present two additional frameworks to other countries foreign policy analysis (not only limited to the US and Soviet Unions policy making)  [26]  , a group of writers has argued the inability of the model to analyse foreign policy behaviour in other countries, to be precise, un-industrialized countries. As Hill has noted that there is a growing consensusà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦over the inapplicability of the insights of Allison, et al. to foreign policy-making inside less modernised states.  [27]  Migdal has also argued that the model cannot be applied to the countries that do not have stability of organizational structure, routine, and even bargaining process.  [28]  Moreover, Brenner also argues that Allisons model is not a universal model and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦more distinctive in the United States than elsewhere.  [ 29]  Despite all criticisms regarding its utility to other countries, Weil has proved, in fact, the model could be utilised in the North Vietnamese foreign policy analysis. As Weil notes that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦examining North Vietnamese foreign policy decision making from a governmental politics perspective complements understanding gained from a rational actor analysis.  [30]   Nevertheless, analists argued that the model is not even applicable to the Soviet Union, although the Soviet Union foreign policy has been heavily discussed in Essence of Decision. It is not only because the model requires more specific information than is available, but also as Dawisha has noted that the bureaucracy in some countries (e.g. the Soviet Union) is fundamentally different from its position in the United States because the persistent influence of the Communist Party.  [31]  Therefore, there is a doubt about the utility of Allisons model in other countries, as Wagner has pointed out, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the extension of Allisons model III to other countries may be a less straightforward enterprise than he implies.  [32]   Singapores defence posture change in the early 1980s In the early 1980s, Singapore announces a major important change in its defence policy, from a defensively deterrent strategy (poisonous shrimp) to a more actively deterrent strategy (known as the porcupine). In an article done by Pak Shun Ng, he applies Allisons model to analyse Singapores domestic decision making process. Pak Shun Ng treats Singapore as unitary rational actor to utilizing model I (RAM); the military organisations as the unit of analysis for model II; lastly, the military and political party leadership (including senior military leaders and civilian leaders of Singapores ruling party, the Peoples Action Party (PAP)) as units of analysis for model III.  [33]  The article argues that model II and model III provide the most reasonable explanation of the change in Singapores defence position in the 1980s; while model I has failed to fully explain the change. Model II first reveals the appropriate development of both Singapores military capability and military planni ng ability. Furthermore, model III then prove details how the Singapore Armed Force (SAF) could announce the change convincingly to improve its stature among Singaporeans and foreigners by persuasive them that Singapore has appropriate capability to defend and survive any potential threat.  [34]  Even though the article heavily honours the utility of Allisons model, but it still proposes modification of the models in order to be able to analyse a decision making process in a small and non-western states under absence of crisis condition. Furthermore, the case study of Singapores policy making shows the evidence of model II and III complete each other and make one alternative model against RAM, namely, the bureaucratic politic model. Therefore, it supports the criticism that previously discussed that Allisons models, especially model II and III, have strong similarities and hardly separate. The utility of Allisons model also can be tested in the US foreign policy in Iran hostage crisis in 1979. The bureaucratic politics model is applicable in analysing the decision making process under President Carter administration. The key group in Carters government consisted of number individual who have important position in the executive branch, and also political outsiders that rarely well known, yet have close personal relations to the President. Within the key group that were known as the Georgia mafia, there are two closest advisors for the President; the chief of staff, Hamilton Jordan and Carters press secretary, Jody Powell. Even though these two advisors are not familiar in politic and foreign policy process, they were loyal and intelligent. When sixty American were taken hostage at the American embassy in Iran on 4 November 1979, the initial response from Carter is criticised to be quite slow. On 11 November, the US gave economy sanction by initiating embargo of Iranian oil. While the economy sanction was undertaken, there were ongoing debates about the next step dealing with the crisis. There were two major options; a commando raid to rescue hostages and outright air strikes and military blockades.  [35]  Here we can clearly see how each faction in the government has their own argument to propose to the President is clearly explained by Allisons bureaucratic politics model. A strong debate was occurred between Secretary of State, Cyrus Vance; National Security Advisor, Zbigniew Brzenzinsky and Carters inner circle, Powell and Jordan. Vance was explicitly being in opposition to any military action after considering that American allies would not tolerate such behaviour. Therefore, he believed that the national security of the US could be maintained without endangering the lives of sixty American citizens.  [36]  On the other side, Brzezinsky strongly opposed military measure as the best means to protect Americas vital interests.  [37]  Moreover, the argument was supported by the director of the CIA, Stanfield Turner, after considering the CIAs best estimates that 60 percent of the hostages could be killed as a result of very complex rescue process. These two faction also argued that they are responsible for the national security, roughly 250 million Americans, and they couldnt simply compromised for the sake of sixty hostages. The final faction c ame from Carters inner circle, including Powell and Jordan, who were concern about the impact of Iran hostage crisis on upcoming election in 1981. The President concurred Vances opinion that a negotiated settlement would be the best for maintaining both national interest and national security. As the response of Carters decision, he received public support, which is important for the upcoming election. However, after considering the effectiveness of the plan, Powell and Jordan opposed the President for tough action against Iranians, again, in order to win the election. In the end, with strong pressure from some faction and absence of Vance in decision making process at the time, Carter called for an immediate military rescues on April 11. The military rescue plan ended in failure with crash of number of helicopters and planes; and killing eight US servicemen. Finally, in 1981s election, Reagan came into power and selesai lah sudah This illustrates the absence of one faction who opposes one specific argument could impact the decision making process as a whole.

Analysis of Subways internal and external environments Essay

This essay will analyse the organisation Subway’s internal and external environments and their impacts on this organisation. This will include a swot analysis on resources and capabilities which are a part of the internal environment and on customers, suppliers, competitors, pressure groups, economic, political, technological, natural environment and emerging trends in the external environment. â€Å"A SWOT Analysis is a useful technique for understanding your Strengths and Weaknesses, and for identifying both the Opportunities open to you and the Threats you face† MindTools. com (2013). Internal environment Resources: 1. The Workforce Strengths – Subway restaurants operate out of over 36,000 locations in 99 different countries. Subway is an equal opportunity employer, where every employee can be assured that they will be treated with respect and not be discriminated or harassed for any reason. They continuously provide employees with training and encouragement through teamwork, against shared goals and benchmarks and to be accountable for their actions. Weaknesses – Many subway employees are younger generations and are particularly inexperienced in the workplace. This can be a weakness for subway as this younger group of employees have other priorities such as school/university which can make it difficult when creating the roster for shifts and being unskilled can cause delays in service and not properly organised meals going to the customers. Opportunities – Subway has the opportunity to train their unskilled employees in a way that suits them and is in line with the organisation’s goals. Threats – Subway’s direct competition offer similar workplace conditions and environments which can be a threat to Subway by these companies attracting higher skilled workers in the industry away from Subway. 2. Capital Availability Strengths – As Subway is operated as franchises, the overall company has a large amount of capital coming in from the franchises. Subway (2013) states â€Å"The SUBWAY ® chain’s start up costs are exceptionally low for a franchise of its size and stature. Total investment will depend on many factors, including location, rent, outlet size and equipment†. Weaknesses – There are many economic conditions, such as unemployment that contribute to weaknesses concerning Subway’s capital. Combine these economic issues with poor marketing strategies and it can affect the capital dramatically. For example the new â€Å"$5 Combo Deal† that they are offering, has resulted in a decrease in sales, as the average customer is now spending less money per purchase. Opportunities – Start-up costs of the franchises is low compared to similar organisations, it makes Subway more appealing to potential owners, there for encouraging more people to purchase a Subway franchise which will increase the capital of the overall company. Threats – Economic issues such as the Global Financial Crisis, unemployment and inflation can cause a threat to subway from opening more stores, which in turn affects their available capital. Capabilities: 1. Marketing Strengths – â€Å"Eat Fresh, Live Green† is Subway’s commitment to making a positive impact in all that they do. This is very appealing to consumers, as Subway’s beliefs and values are in line with theirs. Subway restaurants are also navigating the world of online social media to bring their message closer to consumers. Subway is experienced in international marketing. Weaknesses – Subway restaurants lack the interior design and quality that would welcome everyone to stay and feel more comfortable than in the competitor’s restaurants Opportunities – Subway employs superior marketing techniques and promotional strategies to attract and grow their customer base. The most successful Subway’s promotional offer was to offer footlongs for only $5. Threats – Subway runs the risk of decreasing their client base if they fail to meet consumers’ wants and needs if continuous innovation and new processes are not being developed and used. 2. Production Strengths – Restaurants are clean and maintained. Preparation goes into getting the food ready to be served so quickly before, after and during store hours – veggies need to be washed, diced, sliced and stored. All of this preparation contributes to the productivity of the store. Without these steps, the restaurant would not run efficiently. Weaknesses – Old equipment that is no longer working at its best and staff not being available to work can be weaknesses in the production process. Opportunities – Focusing their sustainability initiatives on energy efficiency, water & resource conservation, waste reduction, sustainable sourcing and supply chain management. Threats – Equipment failure and power outages are a huge threat to Subway concerning production. If either of these occur the Subway store would not be able to operate or produce any products. 3. Research and Development Strengths – Develops and test markets the food that they serve, making sure it is of high standards and quality. Weaknesses – The markets are constantly changing and they cannot always source produce from the same suppliers. Research needs to be done constantly and they do not always have the resources to do so, Opportunities – Do customer surveys in different demographic areas to provide what those areas are in demand for. Threats – Data recorded may be incorrect depending on what type of information they require and can come from unreliable sources. 4. Financial Management Strengths – Subway’s finance team is responsible for tracking, organizing and reporting on all financial activities and storing this data for future reference. This data can help them find better ways of financially running the organisation. Weaknesses – Variables in costs for produce depending on time of year and certain promotions. Variables in labour as employees come and go, more staff required for busy times of the year (holidays). Opportunities – With the support they provide and the low start-up costs they offer with their franchises, they can attract more buyers and expand the Subway chain even further. Threats – Price fluctuations, for example oil, can dramatically threaten Subway’s financials as consumers will have lower disposable incomes which will stop them from freely spending their money. 5. Information Systems Strengths – Subway has a loyalty card system which they use to gather information on their customers. Each card has a unique 16-digit identification number. The card enables Subway to collect data on its customers from its point-of-sale (POS) terminals to its CRM applications. Weaknesses – The first loyalty card they developed was easily copied. Opportunities – To introduce this card throughout all Subway stores so they can collect a larger amount of data for their information system. Threats – Without security measures in place with their loyalty cards people could produce fraudulent cards to receive rewards from the company. External Environment Customers Strengths – Subway already has a strong client base because of their fresh and more nutritious products. These factors appeal to the customers. Weaknesses – Customers do not always feel like healthy options and on occasions want a greasy alternative that Subway does not provide. Opportunities – Subway provides customers with the opportunity to provide feedback on their products and service. By doing this the customers have the opportunity to influence Subway’s decisions with how to do things better and to discover what products sell the best and what the customers like about the service they receive. Threats – Poor customer service is a major threat to any business that deals with customers. Subway, without its customers, would not be able to operate. Another threat is if negative feedback from customers is spread around then this could potentially stop customers from returning Suppliers Strengths – Subway sources as much produce as possible locally. They try to support their locally communities as much as possible. They source this produce from suppliers that share their commitment to social responsibility and sustainability. Weaknesses – Some suppliers can be unreliable and not provide stock when ordered. Opportunities – There are more opportunities to source more locally grown products and help support local businesses grow and stay in the market. Threats – The supplier may not have enough produce/stock to provide Subway at certain times and the supplier may think that the price they are receiving for their products is too low, causing them to refuse supply. Competitors Strengths – Largest fast food restaurant chain in the world by the number of outlets. Currently the Subway operates over 38,181 restaurants in 99 countries, more than McDonald’s or any other fast food chain operator. Weaknesses – Majority of Subway’s competitors offer cheaper meals than what Subway can, based on the price they purchase their products at. Opportunities – Subway has many competitors, so they need to stay innovative and keep their products on top of the others that are available. They have the opportunity to promote their products as healthy options and deep-fryer free compared to their competitors to encourage more sales. Threats – McDonald’s, Hungry Jacks and KFC are some of subways main competitors. These competitors all offer family meal deals and cheap snack sizes on their menu’s which makes them more appealing to consumers. Pressure Groups Strengths – Subway takes input from pressure groups and community members so they can improve the operations, products and service. Weaknesses – Subway cannot rely on the information that pressure groups provide them with as it does not always represent the majority. Opportunities – Pressure groups can be a huge opportunity for Subway to listen to their opinions and issues with the organisation and how the pressure groups think Subway can resolve these issues and develop their company to be more socially responsible. Threats – Pressure groups however can be a threat as they don’t always have the majorities input on these issues and are misrepresenting the whole community when the push their ideas and beliefs on Subway which can make other customers stop returning to purchase goods from them. Economic Strengths – Subway opens stores when the economy is doing well. By doing this they establish their presence in the demographic and build up a good amount of returning consumers. Weaknesses – Subway needs to have a contingency plan in place for when the economy in their area decreases. If they do not, potentially they will reduce in the amounts of sale because they cannot control consumers disposable incomes. Opportunities – When the economy is strong, consumers have higher disposable incomes. This give Subway the opportunity to slightly increase prices and promote their products more as consumers are more willing to spend money. Threats – Not all geographic areas have the same amount of disposable income and Subway needs to take this into consideration. In these areas Subway may need to offer special promotions or lower their prices to cater for this otherwise they will lose sales. Political Strengths – Subway follows and adheres to government legislation including the Fair Trading Act and policies relating to environmental conservation. Weaknesses – Each state has different standards and restrictions in place which means not every Subway store can fully operate the same. Opportunities – With these policies, it creates a safer work environment at Subway and helps them become innovative on how they can reduce their environmental footprint. Threats – If Subway does not follow these regulations on how they operate, produce and promote their products they can be fined hefty amounts of money or even closed down. Technological Strengths – As a global brand, Subway continues to make strides in sustainable packaging, and waste management as well as look for more efficient equipment and operational practices Weaknesses – Not all technology is good just because it is new. Subway needs to research thoroughly before investing in new technology to make sure that it operates with their commitments to a cleaner, healthier environment. Opportunities – To obtain newer technology and apply it in aspects of their business would be a big opportunity for Subway. Threats – Some local markets may not be ready for new technologies and don’t have a full understanding of how they work, therefore consumers not trusting or believing in the new technologies. Natural Environment Strengths – An organization cannot survive without the support of its environment. Subway takes in resources such as labor, money, and raw materials from outside its boundaries in the natural environment. Weaknesses – Subway cannot control the climate or the weather in the areas that have stores operating in. Opportunities – There are opportunities that arise depending on the weather. In the hotter season Subway can promote their salads more for a meal that is more refreshing in the heat. In the cooler seasons they should promote there â€Å"subs† toasted for something to warm the belly. Threats – Depending on locations some areas may experience unpredictable natural events like cyclones or tornados. These can cause a dramatic threat to Subway stores in areas where events like this occur as there can be damage to roads and buildings, no electricity and no stock or fresh produce from suppliers. Emerging Trends Strengths – Subway franchises are involved with the communities surrounding them so they are always aware of the current and emerging trends happening in their locations. Weaknesses – Subway cannot follow all emerging trends as there are too many and it would be too costly for them to do so. Opportunities – To expand their online ordering (catering for meetings/offices) to be made available for individuals to order and then pick it up, or start a delivery service. Threats – Often trends don’t last for long periods of time, making it costly for Subway. Conclusion As you can see from the above analysis, there are many different factors, both internal and external, that effect the organisation, Subway. There are many internal and external forces that Subway needs to consider and stay on top of so they do not fail. References MindTools. com, (2013). SWOT Analysis. Retrieved on 11 September 2013 from http://www. mindtools. com/pages/article/newTMC_05. htm#sthash. 86tx07Tn. dpuf SUBWAY (2013). Corporate Opportunities. Retrieved on 13 September 2013 from http://www. subway. com. au/info/franchise_information/corporate_opportunities/ Unknown Publisher, (2012). Evaluating the External Environment. Retrieved on 13 September 2013 from http://2012books. lardbucket. org/books/strategic-management-evaluation-and-execution/s07-evaluating-the-external-enviro. html